Background
To establish the association between pregnancy in early and middle adolescence and adverse neonatal outcomes in Ecuadorian mestizo newborns.
Methods
Study design: epidemiological, observational / descriptive and cross-sectional. Setting: Isidro Ayora Gynecological and Obstetric Hospital in Quito, Ecuador, from July to October 2018. Participants: This study included 303 newborns and their mothers, 101 children of adolescent mothers between 14 and 16 years old, 101 adolescents between 17 years old. and 19, and 101 babies born to adult mothers between the ages of 20 and 34.
Results
There is no statistically significant association between maternal age, gestation period, neonatal morbidity and APGAR at 5 min. Neonatal morbidity is higher in adolescent mothers residing in rural areas and in those who had less than five prenatal controls. In the case of mothers with pathological antecedents, regardless of the area in which they resided, the highest percentages were registered in the case of mothers aged 24-30 years with five or more prenatal consultations, and in adolescent mothers aged 14-19 years . of age with less than five prenatal appointments. In fact, the higher the number of prenatal evaluations, the higher the percentage of pathological findings. There is a close relationship between the age of the mother and the number of prenatal check-ups performed during pregnancy.
conclusion
Adolescent mothers have a higher percentage of neonatal morbidity in deliveries with a gestational age equal to or greater than 37 weeks of gestation and AGPAR 8 and 9 at 5 min. In addition, there was a higher percentage of cases of respiratory failure and sepsis in newborns, especially when less than five prenatal examinations were performed. The highest percentage of prenatal pathological antecedents identified occurred in the group of mothers aged 20 to 34 years who attended more than five prenatal check-ups. Young pregnant women attend antenatal consultations less often, especially in rural areas, and their newborns have a higher rate of respiratory failure and sepsis.
